Flowers, cold storage preservation related knowledge
First introduced: preservation of classification
A storage, origin
Two, temperature control storage
Can be divided into the simple storage, cold storage preservation, controlledfreezing point storage. Simple storage is the use of local natural conditions of temperature, humidity, creating plants suitable to flowers, flowers green plantpreservation purposes, the disadvantage is the humidity is not easy to control;in addition, but also pay attention to ventilation. Cold storage is in the device with a good heat insulation performance warehouse refrigerating machinery equipment, according to the different kinds of flowers Lvzhi requirementscontrol library within the temperature, humidity and ventilation, achieve the goal of preserving flowers Lvzhi, it is one of the storage method of the mainflowers plants. In recent years, the development of refrigeration technology continues to improve, the cold storage buildings, handling equipment,automation constantly bring forth the new through the old refrigerator,computer technology has also begun to penetrate into the automatic cold storage, freezing point storage control flowers Lvzhi good appearance, bright color, this method in a few areas have been used, the near future, control method of freezing storage will be to promote the implementation of large-scale.
Three, the gas adjustment storage
Divided into Ca gas storage preservation, MA gas adjustment storage, plastic film account of Ca for storage, MAP storage method. The so-called Ca CAstorage, is the use of mechanical equipment, gas control in cold storagehuman, achieve the goal of preserving flowers Lvzhi, this method combined with low temperature, obviously better than the common cold storage; at present, fresh-keeping by modified atmosphere storage of our country is at the stage of development. MA gas adjustment storage, refers to the need according to the nature and fresh fruit, filling the gas of different proportioninto the fruit packing container, to extend shelf life, commonly used gases are mainly carbon dioxide and oxygen; at present, there are mainly two kinds ofinternational market of flowers Lvzhi MA modified atmosphere packaging:passive modified atmosphere packaging and active gas modified atmosphere packaging, but because of its complicated technology, and a variety of packaging materials and high performance requirements, has not been widely implemented in our country. Gas storage fresh-keeping plastic film, is placed on the use of plastic film flowers Lvzhi expansion caused by the sealingenvironment, realize the atmosphere, there are two main methods of air conditioning, namely natural oxygen method and artificial oxygen method, this method mainly has application in USA, France; present in several Shanghai,Beijing, Tianjin other big city of our country have already started to use. MAP fresh, it is a kind of packaging vacuum first, then into the mixed gas, just start the application in the field of flowers Lvzhi preservation.
Four, hypobaric storage and high pressure preservation
Hypobaric storage is placed in a closed base of indoor flowers Lvzhi, with most of the air pump, so that the internal pressure drop to around 10kPa, resulting in a low oxygen environment, ethylene gas pressure is reduced accordingly,and to maintain a constant low pressure during storage, temperature is 1 to 18 DEG C, the relative humidity in 95% the above. This method can reduce therespiratory intensity of fruit, which can delay the ripening and senescence offruits, prolong the quality guarantee period, but the construction of largevacuum storage, investment is large, the home is in the experimental stage.
High-pressure preservation technology is the use of external pressure and internal difference of vapor pressure applied, inhibit the activity of enzyme in organisms, kill microorganisms various pathogenic bacteria, prevent moistureand nutrients diffuse outwards, slow respiratory rate and maturity rate, prolongthe storage period. It is the more advanced storage technology, but because of the limit of high voltage equipment is not used in production field.
Five, electronic preservation, preservation and ionizing radiation preservationof magnetic field
Electronic fresh-keeping, soon flowers Lvzhi placed in an artificially highmanufacturing ozone and negative ion in the air, so that the activity of enzyme inactivation, thereby reducing the respiratory intensity of flowers plants;
Secondly, explain the specific method of the freshness of flowers: divided into four part to introduce
[a] the freshness of flowers notice
1? To sharp cutlery beveled end cut stems ca. 2 cm, make the incision smoothincrease bibulous area.
2? Can be peeled off the end of the epidermis or woody cut into cross incision,too thick can be increased and the water absorption area of end break.
3 the use of clean water and the vase?.
4 started treatment with warm water?.
5 adding antistaling agent?.
6 removing liquid under the branches?.
7? Spend if there are withering phenomenon, can use a wet newspaper parcel2-3 hours.
8? Flowers placed at avoid high temperature drying, especially direct sunlightshould be avoided.
9? Flowers to avoid and apple, pineapple, bananas and other fruits together.
[two] water treatment method:
1? Immersion method:
Flowers easily due to high temperature and flaccid, can be even the stems and leaves are soaked in water, increase water absorption area.
2? Water injection:
The flower pedicel hollow water easy to loss, can be a water gun or a needle cylinder water will be poured into the stem, and then with cotton wool, canprolong the florescence.
3 against the law?:
Will spend material down to take, use watering can reverse irrigation, waterinflow and through the stem and leaf stems, increasing the water absorbingarea.
[three] the chemical treatment method:
1? Smear items in the incision (such as salt, alcohol, alum, mint, oil etc.) caninhibit the breeding of bacteria, to extend the life of flowers.
2? In the water to add acetic acid, citric acid or bleach, can inhibit the growth of bacteria, the only concentration should not be too high.
[four] heat treatment method:
1 hot water method?:
The flowers to the newspaper bag appropriate, only expose the stem end soak in hot water for about 30 seconds, can kill some bacteria, to extend the flowering period.
Cauterization of 2?:
Some flower materials will secrete mucus liquid blocking incision, so absorbbad, can fire the incision, incision not until black
Mucus secretion.
With the changes in consumption concept, storage and fresh flowers Lvzhi is attracting more and more attention. Application of science and technologymakes the storage technology of flowers Lvzhi continue to be finished
